Soma Therapies Blog

How does menopause affect our vagina and pelvic floor muscles?

Menopause: How does it affect our vagina and pelvic floor muscles?

Menopause is a natural biological process that marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years, typically occurring in their late 40s or early 50s. During menopause, there is a decline in the production of hormones, especially oestrogen. This hormonal shift can have various effects on different parts of the body, including the vagina and pelvic floor muscles.

1. Vaginal Changes:
• Dryness and Atrophy: Reduced oestrogen levels can lead to a decrease in vaginal lubrication and elasticity. This can result in vaginal dryness and a condition called vaginal atrophy, where the vaginal walls become thinner and less flexible.
• Irritation and Itching: Vaginal dryness may cause irritation and itching, making sexual intercourse uncomfortable or even painful.
2. Pelvic Floor Muscles:
• Weakening: Oestrogen plays a role in maintaining the strength and tone of pelvic floor muscles. As oestrogen levels decline during menopause, these muscles may weaken, leading to issues such as urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
• Urinary Symptoms: Weakened pelvic floor muscles can contribute to stress urinary incontinence, where activities such as laughing, sneezing, or lifting can cause unintentional urine leakage.
3. Sexual Function:
• Painful Intercourse: Vaginal dryness and atrophy can make sexual intercourse painful, a condition known as dyspareunia. This can affect sexual desire and intimacy.
4. Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM):
• This term encompasses a range of symptoms related to the changes in the genital and urinary tracts during menopause. These symptoms may include dryness, burning, and pain during intercourse, as well as urinary symptoms.

Management and Treatment:

1. Topical Oestrogen Therapy: In some cases, healthcare providers may recommend topical oestrogen treatments, such as creams, rings, or tablets applied directly to the vagina, to alleviate symptoms like dryness and atrophy.
2. Lubricants and Moisturisers: Over-the-counter vaginal lubricants and moisturizers can help manage dryness and discomfort during sexual activity.
3. Pelvic Floor Exercises and Relaxation techniques: Balancing the pelvic floor muscles through exercises may help improve symptoms of incontinence and support pelvic organ health.
4. Healthy Lifestyle Habits: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking, can contribute to overall well-being and may positively influence pelvic floor health.

It’s essential for women experiencing symptoms related to menopause to discuss their concerns with a healthcare provider. They can provide personalised advice and recommend appropriate treatments based on individual needs and health conditions.

Find a pelvic health physiotherapist:

• https://thepogp.co.uk/patients/physiotherapists
• https://squeezyapp.com/directory/